Hand pump for water from a well in the absence of power supply
A manual pump for water from a well can provide water to a rural backyard in the absence of electricity. Power supply problems often arise in the outback. In this case abyssinian well and a hand pump will be the only way to water livestock and plants. A silent apparatus will help out if the aquifer is located no deeper than 30 meters.
Read also about submersible pumps for wells in the country!
Varieties of hand water pumps
All manual pumping devices are divided by device:
- piston;
- rod;
- membrane;
- vane.
Of these, only sucker rod hand pumps are suitable for a well with a depth of 20 m.
Piston pumps are used to lift water from a depth of no more than 10 m. The ground part can be done simply and with delights. But it is a pipe string and a lever.
The working part is a piston moving in the liner. Their mating parts are ground in. The movement of the handle to the piston is transmitted through the rod. There must be a non-return valve on the suction line, since the system works under the head. At the end of the piston there are valves that open to bypass water under pressure.
Determining phases of the piston group:
- The system is under the bay, the chambers are filled, the check valve prevents the water column from falling.
- The lever is pushed down, the piston moves up and forces the water above it into the chute. Under the piston, water flows into the discharged area from below.
- When the piston moves down, the check valve closes and the holes on the piston open, allowing water to flow upward. The cycle is over.
The system returns to its original position. The amount of water supplied depends on the volume of the chamber, that is, on the section of the pipe and the linear movement of the piston.
A sucker rod hand pump for water from a well differs little from a piston pump in principle of operation. The difference is that the working piston group is located in the casing, under the bay. Place the knot in the water, at least 1 m from the surface, it can be deeper. The system is in the water, there is a check valve on the bottom of the steam pipe. With each stroke of the piston, it pushes a column of water above it. Thus, the liquid can be taken from a layer 30 m deep.
All hand pumps, regardless of design and well depth, have an approximate capacity of 40 liters per minute. The amount depends on the effort expended, and in humans, muscle strength is approximately the same.
A prerequisite for the operation of a sucker rod pump is a casing section of 100 mm or more. The structure will not fit in a narrow barrel. The long arm provides a long piston stroke, but the water comes in intermittently, from each stroke. The determining factor for such a system is a long leverage that facilitates muscular work.
Vane manual well pump controlled by a wheel connected to the blades. The working chamber consists of 3 compartments. Two of them are connected to the suction inlet.There, through a system of valves, water enters the chamber under vacuum and is pumped out into the system from the compartment with excess pressure. Water entering the upper compartment is poured out evenly. Equilibrium is achieved by adjusting the valves.
The diaphragm hand pump for a well is a chamber divided in half by an elastic membrane. The movable partition is connected by a rod to the handle. The upper chamber is air, it does not participate in water transfer. In the lower section, one branch pipe is connected through the valve to the suction, the other is the discharge. When the membrane is pushed down in the water chamber, pressure rises and the valve opens. During the raising of the stem, the diaphragm rises, the working liquid chamber under pressure through the check valve starts the liquid. The action takes place in 2 cycles. The membrane pump can supply water from a depth of 6 m.
Hand pumps are inexpensive and easy to manufacture. You can buy a product with a decent decoration, or you can make it yourself.
DIY piston pump
When making a hand pump for a well with your own hands, you must accurately follow the sequence of operations. It is important to have a sufficient water layer in the receiving chamber at a level higher than 10 m from the surface. A piston chamber equipped with:
- inlet and outlet pipes with valves;
- a crank that transmits force to the piston;
- check valve on the suction line;
- hose for lifting water.
The working chamber can be made from a pipe on a lathe, use a hydraulic cylinder body or a diesel chamber, the inner diameter must be more than 80 mm, the length of the blank is 600-800 mm. The main condition is that the inner surface must be smooth, processed. The pipe can be rectangular, but the piston follows the internal shape.
A summer cottage pump can be in a plastic case, but only metal varieties of speakers are suitable for year-round use.
To get a sealed chamber, it is necessary to close the ends of the cylinder with plugs made of metal, plastic, wood. The top of the cover is drilled for the stem. At the bottom, a valve is installed, carefully fastened in place. The outlet pipe is welded on the side.
The manufactured piston must have rubber seals and move inside the housing without force. The material can be anything, even a wooden chock. The piston is connected with a threaded rod and a stopper.
The check valve determines the performance of the future pump. The tightness of the fit in the nest determines whether the water will be held in the hose. A diaphragm or ball valve is used. It is better to buy this part.
It is better to install the assembled structure in the pit, bringing the control and the stem out. In order for the lever to return to its original position on its own, a spring must be installed.
You can make a pump or rod pump. Accuracy and the use of working drawings will create an efficient mechanism.