Growing radishes in a greenhouse - the secrets of experienced summer residents
The seasonal use of fresh herbs has long been year-round. For this, greenhouses are built even in the coldest regions. The greenhouse economy requires special agricultural techniques for growing crops. It is expensive in the middle of winter to heat and light large areas. Growing radishes in a greenhouse, forcing onions and lettuce will cause less difficulty. These crops grow quickly, several turns can be made during the winter.
Soil preparation
- humus - 500 kg;
- superphosphate - 3.0-4.5 kg;
- potassium magnesium - 3.0 or sulfate sulfate - 1.8 kg;
- ammonium nitrate - 2.5 kg.
Careful digging of the soil with these ingredients will ensure the rapid development of the radish. You cannot use fresh manure, the radish will be tasteless and tough.
Winter sowing of radish on the soil involves heating. A warm water or electrical circuit must be laid. Another method of heating will be the construction of the bed base using biofuel. Plant residues and manure laid down burn and generate heat, the earth remains optimally heated during the winter. Such a bed can work in the autumn cultivation of radishes in a greenhouse.
Without heating the soil, winter cultivation can be carried out on racks in a container way. This allows you to multiply the use of the warm circuit. Radish grows in small containers and cassette method in this case is applicable.
It is not economically feasible to grow vegetables in small country greenhouses during the coldest months, December and January. In a small volume, it is difficult to keep warm in the cold. Production large heated greenhouses operate independently of the temperature outside the circuit.
Temperature and light conditions
In order for the seeds to quickly sprout, a soil temperature of about 18 degrees is required. Seeds can also sprout at 3 degrees, only development will be slow. When to sow radishes becomes clear after the greenhouse is ready. Only observing the illumination, thermal conditions and watering you can get a full harvest.
To accelerate germination and obtain cotyledonous plants, you can make a thickened sowing in a bowl and dive the ready seedlings to a permanent place. At the same time, radish survival rate is excellent, and the growing period is reduced.
For the development of root crops after germination, the temperature in the ground is 10 degrees, with a filling of 15-18. If at the same time the illumination standards of 1300-1500 lux are observed, the root crop will grow to a standard one. The temperature in the greenhouse is regulated. At night it should not exceed 10 degrees, on a cloudy day 12 is enough. With a lack of lighting or with an increased daylight hours, shooting occurs. Therefore, it is important to establish an optimal supplementary lighting mode in a winter greenhouse.
The heating of the greenhouse in winter can be carried out by a wood waste stove with exhaust pipes along the perimeter, or by installing propane or electric heaters. At the same time, it is necessary to provide for heating water for irrigation and maintaining humidity within 70%.
How to plant radishes
Radish seeds should be greenhouse grown and fresh. Preparation for sowing consists in pickling them in a solution of potassium permanganate and germination. Sowing radishes can be done in several ways:
- private;
- under the marker;
- cassette.
Seeds in the row and under the marker are buried by 2 cm. It is in the depths of the soil, subject to other conditions, that a larger root crop develops. The spacing between the rows should be about 10 cm, for continuous sowing 5x5 cm. There is sufficient passage between the belts for maintenance. The cassettes are assembled into blocks, and have an area for the development of a root crop of 5x5 cm. The blocks are placed both in floor ridges and on multi-tiered racks.
It is the cassette method that allows you to grow radishes in the greenhouse on racks and fully use the heated volume. In this case, the radishes in the cassettes should be watered by supplying water or a fertilizer mixture from below, through the drainage hole.
How to grow radishes
In an unheated greenhouse, biofuels are the source of warm earth. In this case, the roots of the radish should not touch the fresh manure. The temperature during seed germination should be 18 degrees, with the development of the rosette 10, with the filling 18-20. Radish seeds grown by seedlings will allow you to bypass the first stage of temperature rise and reduce the time the root crop is in the greenhouse.
Lighting less than 900 lux will delay the development of the root crop and become one of the factors of shooting. The haulm is pulled out by daytime temperatures above 24 degrees and daylight hours, more than 12 hours. The higher the illumination and the lower the temperature, the larger the root crops are formed. How to grow radishes, if the greenhouse is not equipped with lighting? In low light, thickened plantings and high temperatures, root crops are not formed.
When the soil is overdried, the taste of the radish deteriorates. Watering should be 2 times a week with a consumption of 15 liters of water per square of area. Sprinkling is desirable, especially at high temperatures. Watering plants can be combined with feeding. Let's admit drip irrigation and flooding of pallets with the cassette method.
Cruciferous fleas are dangerous pests of radish in the greenhouse. You can get rid of them with ash and tobacco dust. But sometimes the invasion of field mice is destructive. You can get rid of them by placing a cat in a greenhouse or catch pests with vegetable baits.
Bacterial diseases downy mildew and bacteriosis are possible if ventilation is not observed and plantings are thickened. It is necessary to choose resistant radish varieties for sowing.
The growing season for growing a root crop in a greenhouse takes approximately 45 days. It is optimal to collect two harvests of radish in the off-season, and then start up the greenhouse for growing heat-loving crops.