Rules for growing grapes in the middle lane for beginners

In the summer cottages of gardeners in the middle lane, unpretentious frost-resistant varieties are often found. These include, for example, "Lydia" or "Isabella". But, unfortunately, they are distinguished by small berries and inexpressive taste. Thanks to the efforts of breeders, species have appeared that give large berries in the harsh climatic conditions of Russia.

Having bought varietal specimens of modern selection, one can hope for a good harvest, resistance to disease and frost. By the way, the rich taste of a large beautiful bunch will not yield to overseas products. Growing grapes in the middle lane for beginners is recommended to start with early varieties. They ripen in mid-August.

Such varieties are considered no less popular: Kesha, Arcadia, Muromets and Cosmos. All of them are distinguished by large, fleshy berries, the size of a small plum. They have a delicate aroma, sweetness and great taste.

When should you buy planting material?

To purchase a quality vine, follow the advice of experienced winegrowers:

1. Don't rush to buy. If you decide to buy a seedling in the nursery, do not take the first one that comes across. Assess the situation, compare types, prices. It is good if there is an opportunity to examine adult specimens during fruiting.
2. Consider purchasing cuttings from a large vineyard. Agree with the owner about the excursion, ask about the variety of varieties. Try the bunch you like. And then ask to sell the cuttings from the selected grapes. So you are guaranteed to get the right variety, and in addition to it, valuable advice and parting words.
3. Autumn material is usually more hardy than spring material. If he tolerates the winter cold, then already in the spring he quickly grows.
4. It is not recommended for beginners to immediately take on complex and expensive hybrid specimens. They often require special attention, a certain knowledge base and experience.
5. Purchased seedlings should not be stored. They are recommended to be soaked in clean water and planted in the soil a day later.

Do not take varieties of "elite" grapes on the market from obsessive sellers. Otherwise, you risk buying a "pig in a poke".

Where is the best place to plant?

If you plan to plant one bush, try to find a sunny spot for it. It should be away from trees and bushes.

For the future large vineyard, a place with the following characteristics is selected:

• slope from the south, southwest or east side;
• well lit space during the day;
• a place far from groundwater and marshy surfaces.

Do not plant the vine on the north side, under a tree, or near a body of water.

How to plant?

1. The material purchased and soaked during the day is slightly trimmed. The roots are shortened quite a bit, but the shoot is reduced by 3 buds. If there are side layers, they are also removed.
2. The prepared seedling is dipped with roots in a clay solution, and placed in a prepared trench or pit.
3. Consult with experts on how to feed the grapes during planting, at what depth to place the heel of the shank and what drainage is best for your area.Such advice would be better than general advice.
4. If planting is carried out in winter, then a mound should be made around the sprout, and when cold weather comes, cover it with a plastic bottle. From above, the shelter can be covered with mulch or peat.
5. Spring planting involves wetting the planting pit. Having planted the shafts and compacting the soil around them, they make shading. The bright spring sun can burn young shoots.
6. A week later, the spring seedlings are watered again, and after the soil dries out, its top layer is loosened.

How to care for a vineyard in spring?

After the start of growth of young specimens, as well as one-year-old and two-year-old seedlings, a number of mandatory procedures are required.

Spring grape care is as follows:

• removing weeds under the vine and around the bush;
• loosening the topsoil;
• annual pruning of weak roots at a depth of 20 cm underground (the soil is raked off and carried out pruning grapes);
• spring preventive spraying of plants with Bordeaux liquid before the beginning of the growing season.

How to water properly?

To ensure adequate nutrition for adult plants, you need to spend abundant watering several times in the spring and summer season. At a time - at least 15 liters of water under 1 bush. The water in the roots must not stagnate. Otherwise, fungal diseases and decay of the root system are possible. Properly organized drainage will help to avoid this. To understand how often to water grapes in summer, you need to know the temperature regime of the region in summer. In a cold and rainy summer, you can fill the bushes 2 times. If the temperature indicators are normal, then you can spend 4 watering season.

If the weather is too humid, then the grapes should be given special attention. Special treatment of grapes after rain is required. High humidity provokes the immediate spread of harmful spores. It is necessary to spray the bushes with multipurpose solutions that can protect against late blight, mildew and oidium.

What is pruning and when to do it?

Middle lane growers perform global pruning twice a year. Pruning grapes in the fall, it is necessary before sheltering for the winter. Long shoots are shortened, after which it is convenient to lay them in a recess and cover. The spring procedure takes place after opening. Frozen and dry shoots are removed. In addition, during the growth of the bush, shoots are pinched and pruned for proper vine formation.

In order for the bush to be properly formed, it must be pruned from the first year. Green shoots break off, preventing them from braiding branches. On young specimens, flowering branches are removed, preventing the berries from developing. First years can be exhausted, giving all their strength to growing a bunch. The shoots left behind are directed and tied up.

If you expect to get a powerful plant, then it is better to direct all the shoots left up.

The correct formation of a grape bush from the first year is shown in a video that will help you understand the basic principles of the procedure and prevent mistakes.

How to shelter grapes for the winter?

All hybrid varieties require warm wintering. Therefore, in the fall, before the onset of frost, it is necessary to dig in all the shoots or cover them with a covering material. This will keep the plant from freezing. After autumn pruning, the bush is well watered Then all the lashes are removed from the trellises (do-it-yourself grape trellis) and placed on straw or dry leaves. Top covered with spruce branches, a wooden structure or simply covered with a layer of earth.

If you don't know how to cover your grapes for the winter, watch the video and prepare in advance. This procedure cannot be refused, otherwise it will not be possible to grow a healthy plant.

Formation of a young bush of grapes - video