What are the best varieties of peppers for Siberia and the Urals?
Pepper is an annual crop belonging to the Solanaceae family. There are more than two thousand species of this plant. Its fruits contain minerals vital for humans, carotene, as well as a storehouse of vitamin C. The use of pepper helps to normalize blood pressure, strengthens the immune system, improves the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, and gives the skin a healthy color. Also, pepper pleases with a variety of tastes: bitter, sweet, sour, sweet and sour, etc.
A distinctive feature of this vegetable is disease resistance, which allows you to grow pepper in any soil. Previously, this thermophilic plant was planted only in the southern regions. Today, using covering means, the best varieties of pepper are successfully grown in Siberia and the Urals. To get a good harvest, you need to choose the right variety that will be "comfortable" in this area. Early and mid-season peppers are suitable for planting.
What are the best peppers for Siberia?
For a fairly cold Siberian region, early ripening varieties of pepper have been bred. This useful product has been successfully grown here for several decades. Adhering to the rules of care, planting crops and performing all agrotechnical measures, gardeners harvest crops that do not disappoint them. Before planting pepper seeds for Siberia, you must purchase a package indicating that the variety is for this region.
For harsh climates, the following early varieties are most suitable:
- Gingerbread man. A very compact early maturing variety. It is grown both in open ground and in a film shelter. On a low-growing bush, 3-4 chamber fruits with tender pulp, 8-9 millimeters thick, ripen. The mass of one pepper is 80-90 grams. Pepper conquers with its taste both fresh and canned. The variety was bred at the Moldavian Research Institute.
- Topolin. The variety stands out for its high-quality and very large fruits. Their weight can reach 150 grams. Fruiting occurs in 110 days. Fruits are conical in shape, dark red in color with thin walls. Tall bushes are grown on a trellis, forming in two stems, undersized - in a standard form, without tying. Pepper Topolin is disease-resistant, therefore it has a high total yield - 40-50 t / ha.
Siberia has a harsh continental climate with short summers. Therefore, at vegetable experimental stations, varieties are developed that are adapted to the local climate. They are mid-season, ripen in 95-120 days with high yields.
Breeders offer the best hybrid varieties of peppers for Siberia:
- The firstborn of Siberia is a mid-season sweet pepper bred at the West Siberian Vegetable Experimental Station. The height of the bush is 40-45 centimeters, the length of the fruit is 9 centimeters, the wall thickness is 8-10 millimeters, the average weight of the fruit is 49-53 grams. Red or yellow pyramidal pepper with sweet juicy pulp. The crop can be harvested in 100-110 days at the rate of 3.5-4 kg / m2.
- For cultivation in the closed ground in the Central Siberian Botanical Garden, the early-maturing variety Novosibirsk was selected. Usually the seeds of peppers in Siberia are sown in February. After a couple of months, the sprouts are transplanted into greenhouse soil. The fruits ripen in 95-100 days, the yield is 3.5-4 kg / m2. On a bush, up to 100 centimeters high, there are bright red single fruits weighing 50-58 grams. The thickness of the pulp of such peppers is from 4 to 6 millimeters.
- A very promising variety of mid-season pepper Sibiryak, belonging to the variety of sweet peppers for Siberia. It is a short bush (60 centimeters on average) with cuboid fruits. Even under unfavorable conditions, fruits are tied and 6-7 kilograms per square meter can be harvested. Fruits are red, fleshy, large, 100-150 grams each, well tolerated during transportation. From germination of sprouts to technical ripeness, 115-118 days pass. The pepper is recommended for growing in heated and unheated greenhouses, as well as in winter greenhouses. The variety is included in the State Register of the Russian Federation.
What are the best varieties of peppers for the Urals?
In the Urals, it is customary to grow pepper in open ground, but under a film shelter or in unheated greenhouse... Seedlings are planted at the end of May: in the greenhouse - between 20-25, in open ground - May 25-30. Despite the capricious and harsh weather, vegetable growers of the mountainous region are pleased with numerous varieties of peppers for the Urals every year. Early varieties always have time to "give back" the harvest in the summer, as they ripen, on average, in three months.
Early maturing varieties include:
- Montero. It is a sweet pepper 100-120 centimeters high with red prismatic fruits. Its fruits reach a weight of 240-260 grams, a record fruit weight of 940 grams. The wall thickness is about 7 millimeters. The variety has excellent taste and unpretentiousness. It can be grown in all types of greenhouses. Collect 7-16 kilograms of pepper per square meter.
- Merchant. It takes a little more than two months for the fruit to ripen. On the bushes, peppers weighing about 70 grams appear with fleshy walls - 5-7 millimeters. The yield of the Kupets variety is 2-3 kg / m2. Pepper has a high content of ascorbic acid.
- Pioneer. Bred in the Ukrainian Research Institute of Vegetable and Melon Growing in 1987, it is recommended for growing in the Ural lands. An early maturing vegetable takes 116-135 days to ripen. The height of the culture is 70 centimeters, the fruit is a red cone with a sharp top. Pepper weighing 55 grams, wall thickness - 4 millimeters. The yield, though low - 0.8 kg / m2, but in the open field.
- Winnie the Pooh is a variety of early ripening pepper. From germination to ripening of fruits 110 days pass. The plant is compact, low - 30 centimeters. By the end of the season, many small red cones appear on it, collected in a bouquet. The fruits ripen almost simultaneously.
Of the mid-season varieties of peppers for the Urals, one can single out:
- Bogatyr is a mid-season sweet pepper variety. This plant is most adapted to local weather conditions. Despite the constant fluctuations in temperature and lack of lighting, Bogatyr fruits reach a weight of 180 grams and a length of 18 centimeters. The housewives love to harvest this variety for the winter, since in canned form it remains as juicy and sweet as fresh. Grown in greenhouses, tunnels, open ground.
- Red and yellow bulls. These unpretentious giants get their names from their large size and color. The average weight of pepper is 200 grams, the fruits of the Red Bull can weigh up to 400 grams. Both varieties are thin-walled, the length of the pepper is up to 20 centimeters. The bushes sag under the weight and from the amount of fruit, so they are tied up.
If, in addition to sweet pepper, bitter is also grown, then for seedlings prepare another greenhouse, otherwise the pollen will be blown away by the wind, and the sweet pepper will have a bitter taste. You can plant hot peppers in a flower garden, then all summer the flower bed will be full of red fruits. A harvest of hot pepper from just five bushes is enough for a whole year for a family of four.
In addition to the above, the best varieties of pepper for Siberia and the Urals include Triton, Kudesnik, Edino, Yantar, Buratino, Aries, Zorka, Alenushka, Anlita, Bagheera, Leader of the Redskins, Swallow and others.