We observe the correct neighborhood in the beds, creating mixed plantings of vegetables
Mixed planting of vegetables is the simultaneous cultivation of several types of vegetables, flowers and berries mixed or according to a certain pattern. It helps to rationally use a limited personal plot, since every meter of fertile soil is used. Mutually grown plants have higher germination and yield rates, as well as better protection against diseases and insect pests.
Types of mixed landings
They can be of four types:
- simple;
- intense;
- alternate;
- leading.
A simple mixed method involves planting several crops, taking into account the peculiarities of their cultivation agricultural technology. The area is calculated in such a way that each plant has enough moisture, lighting and nutrients.
With intensive mixed planting of vegetables, their mutual influence on each other is taken into account. Due to the correct selection, the immunity and productivity of plants increases. The same technology is used for growing siderates.
Alternate plantings are based on the maturity of vegetables - early and late. Crops are not planted together, but this method makes it possible to grow two crops of different vegetables in one season.
When planting ahead, the plants are also not planted at the same time, the second crop is sown before the first crop is harvested. Plants are grown consistently, but grow on their own most of the time.
Mixed planting of vegetables: the main benefits
Joint planting of garden crops is great for small backyards. They have a positive effect on the improvement of the soil and its fertile composition, do not impoverish it due to compliance with the rules crop rotation.
Mixed plantings have several benefits:
- Plants in combined beds are divided into main and auxiliary plants. The latter create favorable conditions for the development of the main crop, protect it from weeds and retain moisture in the soil.
- Combined planting improves the taste and nutritional properties of vegetable crops.
- This method allows you to reduce the cost of mineral fertilizers and reduce the use of organic fertilizing.
- Competent planting allows you to harvest juicy vegetables all season, right up to autumn.
- The mixed type of planting allows you to get a large yield from a limited area compared to growing a monoculture.
With properly organized mixed plantings of vegetables, the risk of diseases in plants, as well as the appearance of insect pests, is reduced.
Flowers can be planted near vegetable crops - it is desirable that the flowering period for these plants coincides. In this way, the flowers will attract pollinating insects.
Suitable and unsuitable combinations
In a mixed planting, vegetables of the same family are not used - this is not only useless, but also harmful to plants. They have identical needs for moisture and nutrients, and are subject to the same diseases and pests.
A table of mixed plantings of vegetables in the garden will help you choose the right combination:
| Vegetable culture | Suitable "companion" | Inappropriate "companion" |
| Tomatoes | Cabbage, asparagus, radish, garlic, leek, onions, marigolds, strawberries | Cucumbers, peas, potatoes, dill |
| Potatoes | Asparagus, corn, zucchini, horseradish, spinach, carrots | Sunflower, kohlrabi, pumpkin, cucumbers |
| Cucumbers | White cabbage, onions, beets, peas and beans, corn
| Tomatoes, turnips, radishes |
| Carrot | Onions, cabbage, leeks, tomatoes, lettuce, peas, asparagus beans, radish, spinach | Beetroot, parsley, bell pepper, dill |
| Leek | Celery, carrots, tomatoes | Onions, white cabbage, beets, beans, peas |
| Garlic | Carrots, tomatoes, beets | Beans peas |
| Radish | Peas, beans, carrots, lettuce, tomatoes, spinach, white cabbage | Onions and cucumbers, pumpkin |
| Beet | Asparagus, kohlrabi, radish, cucumber, white cabbage and cauliflower | Potatoes, leeks, celery, carrots, corn |
| Celery | White and red cabbage, kohlrabi, asparagus, beans, tomatoes | Potatoes, corn |
| Lettuce | All crops (except onions and parsley) | Leek and parsley |
| Zucchini and squash | Asparagus, onions and leeks | Dont Have |
| Beans | Potatoes, tomatoes, white cabbage, celery, cucumbers | Onions and leeks, peas |
| Parsley dill | White and cauliflower, cucumbers | Lettuce, tomatoes, carrots, onions, leeks |
Mixed plantings of vegetables and flowers can be supplemented with almost any herb - cilantro, thyme, basil, lemon balm, marjoram, oregano, peppermint or sage. They have a rich aroma that repels insect pests and protects vegetable plants.
Mixed planting schemes
Examples of mixed planting of vegetables in the garden help to properly use fertile soil and get the maximum crop yield.
The following combinations are considered successful:
- strawberries - lettuce, cabbage, beets, radishes, onions and garlic;
- chard - kohlrabi, bell pepper, all varieties of cabbage;
- tarragon - eggplant;
- strawberries - tomatoes;
- nasturtium - radish and radish.
Spinach is considered a versatile crop that can be combined with almost all vegetables and flowers. Its roots produce saponins - special substances that stimulate the growth of lettuce, radish, kohlrabi, beans, tomato, cauliflower and white cabbage.
When planting a mixed planting between plants, it is necessary to leave a distance of 5 cm (beets, garlic, carrots, peas, radishes) to 30-45 cm (broccoli, bell peppers, tomatoes).
Flower bed
When organizing a combined planting, a vegetable garden can be arranged in the form of a flower bed. Tall plants with a long vegetative period are planted in its center. Low-growing, compact vegetables of early varieties are planted on the sides.
Tomatoes with radishes, spinach, lettuce, radishes or radishes are best suited for growing in a flower bed. In such a composition, the main role is given to tomatoes, which are grown by the seedling method and transplanted to a permanent place immediately after the final warming of the soil.
When growing vegetables in a mixed bed, it is best to choose crops of different heights. Thanks to this, optimal conditions for their growth are created, the plants receive the shading and illumination they need.
Examples of mixed beds
Most often, with a mixed planting technique, three vegetable crops are planted in the beds - early, main and subsequent. In this case, it is imperative to take into account the previous plant, as well as the compatibility of different crops.
In the spring, after warming up the soil and pretreating it, early crops are planted with a solid carpet - for example, lettuce (early), radish. By the time they mature, they are thinned out and the next plant is planted.
With mixed planting of vegetables, staggered plants are most effective.After the radish and salad, you can plant beans or spinach, which will ripen at the same time as the remaining radish.
When these vegetable crops are harvested, leaf and head lettuce, cucumbers can be planted in their place. Kohlrabi, broccoli, or cabbage are good options. The optimal time for planting them is mid-July.
An example of a mixed planting of vegetables:
- Prepare the soil after the snow has melted and sow watercress or lettuce.
- After the greens have ripened and the harvest has been harvested, early potatoes can be planted in its place.
- Depending on the variety, potatoes ripen in early or mid June. After that, grown seedlings of Chinese cabbage or kohlrabi can be planted in the beds. These vegetables are planted before early July.
Mixed landings can be different. For example, after harvesting early potatoes, strawberry or strawberry rosettes can be rooted in the beds.
Basic landing rules
When choosing a mixed planting scheme for vegetables, you need to consider several points. Basic Rules:
- "representatives" of the same family cannot be placed on the same bed - the only exceptions are bell peppers and eggplants;
- sensitive vegetable crops should not be exposed to direct sunlight, and light-loving plants should not be suppressed by the shade;
- eggplants, tomatoes, corn, bell peppers, cucumbers, melons and watermelons cannot be hidden behind the shade of tall plants, they need bright lighting;
- zucchini, parsley, lettuce, carrots, cabbage, garlic and onions "love" the shade.
When mixed sequential plantings of vegetables, the ripening period must be considered. This enables the early crop field to plant seedlings of another plant in the same soil. In this way, cauliflower with later white cabbage, beets with salad, carrots with parsley are grown.
Potatoes, cucumbers, Chinese cabbage, onions, and chard have an early ripening period. They can be alternated with later beets, pumpkin, eggplant, tomatoes.
Mixed planting of vegetables does not cause difficulties for summer residents and gardeners. Given the compatibility of various vegetable crops, you can maximize the use of fertile soil resources, increase plant productivity and improve cultural diversity in your garden.