Land surveying: the basics and features of the
Starting in 2021, residents of Russia will not be able to conduct transactions with allotments if they have not carried out a land survey with the entry of the results of the procedure in the Federal Register. That is, in the near future this process will become mandatory for implementation. To carry it out without problems, you will have to study the features and basic rules established by the regulations and conclusions from practice.
What is land surveying
Land surveying must be understood as cadastral work, within which a number of characteristics of a land plot are established:
- borders;
- square;
- location;
- configuration.
Land surveying is carried out by cadastral engineers. They can work both independently, registering as an individual entrepreneur, or as part of a company.
The specialist must be a member of a self-regulatory organization without fail.
Why do you need land surveying
The need for the procedure is due to the following factors:
- To establish the boundaries of the allotment. It is not uncommon for a plot to be registered in the cadastral register without borders, so it is not displayed on the corresponding map. To identify the allotment as an object, you will have to conduct a land survey.
- To change the type of permitted use. If the owner of a plot of agricultural value decides to transfer his plot to the category of territories for individual housing construction, he will need to determine the boundaries.
- For registration of real estate in ownership. In specific situations, for the purchase of land and registration of ownership rights, it is necessary to conduct a land survey.
- When dividing the site into two or more parts. The cadastral engineer draws up a boundary plan, according to which the old site loses its current value and is removed from the register, but new allotments are formed within its boundaries.
- For combining several sites into one. The opposite situation. Also, a boundary plan is drawn up indicating the changed boundaries.
- When redistributing allotments. Relevant for cases when a share of neighboring land joins one site. This usually happens through foreclosure. A plan is drawn up, according to which two plots cease to exist, but within their boundaries two new plots with different sizes and boundaries appear.
- To resolve conflicts with neighbors. It occurs when there is a discrepancy between the location of the territories on the papers and in fact. The owners are starting to argue about where the fence should be placed. Such situations are almost always resolved in court, but in any case, the opinion of the cadastral engineer should be attached.
The need for land surveying may also be due to the creation of a new allotment. So, if a citizen decides to buy out ownerless land, he will first have to carry out the procedure for determining the boundaries.
What should be done
For a successful land survey, you must follow the step-by-step instructions:
- Preparation of documents for the site. If the allotment is being formed for the first time, then you need to get a plot layout and a resolution from the administration on the allocation of rights. Under other circumstances, only an extract from the USRN is required.
- Order the services of a cadastral engineer. Finding a competent specialist can take a lot of time.When choosing, it is important to outline the criteria in advance and reach an agreement on the specifics of payment. If there are no complaints, a service agreement is concluded.
- Receive documents, get acquainted with the results and sign an act on the work performed. Based on the results of the procedure, the following are issued: a cadastral passport, a boundary and technical plan. The case is submitted either in electronic format or in paper form. Before signing the act, it is necessary to check the content of the papers. If there are no complaints about the work of the engineer, a mark is put on the document confirming the acceptance of the results.
After receiving the case and after 10 days, new information about the land plot is displayed in the cadastral map of Rosreestr.
You can check the registration of property rights through a special service on the official website of the department - for this it is enough to know the allotment number.
What is included in land surveying
After signing the contract on the appointed day, the cadastral engineer contacts the owner of the allotment with a notice of departure. The owner's neighbors are additionally informed.
Upon arrival at the site, the specialist conducts land surveying, namely:
- measures the total area of the designated area;
- sets the coordinates of landmarks;
- defines the boundaries and coordinates them with the neighbors - the results are displayed in the act on the approval of land surveying.
In the absence of complaints, the procedure is considered completed. The presence of the owner is optional. If a citizen still wants to observe the process, then he needs to be ready to spend 1-3 hours.
How much does land surveying cost?
The work of cadastral engineers is considered non-departmental, which implies that prices for the procedure are not linked to state standards. The legislation provides for a method for calculating the cost, but it is used only by municipal authorities, which often delay the implementation of services.
As for private companies, they set the price tag based on market values. The following indicators affect the total costs:
- region;
- site category;
- square;
- location and shape put on.
For example, when ordering work in the Moscow region, you need to be prepared for expenses ranging from 10 thousand to 30 thousand rubles. In the provincial subjects of Russia, you can keep within 5-10 thousand rubles.
Land surveying can be carried out free of charge, but only in two cases: in case of complex cadastral works initiated by the state, within the framework of the “dacha amnesty” program.