How wisteria reproduces - the main methods and a step-by-step algorithm
Wisteria is a spectacular and hardy vine that does not require very active care. If you know how wisteria multiplies, you can decorate the site yourself with the help of new vine seedlings. This is a plant from the legume family, which perfectly greens vertical planes - a fence, fence, support. Wisteria flowers are shaped like bean or pea inflorescences, the fruits are similar to ripe beans. The plant is frost-resistant, grows in one place for more than 100 years, blooms magnificently and abundantly. There are several ways to breed wisteria.
The main methods of breeding
To grow a wisteria bush, you can use one of its propagation options:
- seeds;
- cuttings;
- layering;
- dividing the bush;
- vaccination.
The first three methods are most often used. How to propagate wisteria at home, the gardener decides for himself. The main criteria are knowledge and practical experience.
How wisteria reproduces by seeds
Planting material can be prepared independently or purchased at a specialized store. Seed germination lasts 2-3 years.
The main disadvantage of the method is the fact that the obtained seedlings may not retain all the varietal characteristics of the species.
However, plants grown in a similar way can be used as a rootstock for grafting varietal wisteria.
First, preliminary preparation of planting material is required - stratification. After seed stratification, the germination rate increases to 100%.
Step-by-step algorithm of the process:
- Place the seeds in a damp peat, sphagnum, coconut. A convenient container for this stage is a zip-bag or an ordinary jar with a lid.
- Place on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator or in the vegetable compartment.
- Air the seeds at least once a week.
Once the seeds begin to hatch, they are ready to plant.
There are two ways to propagate wisteria by seed at home:
- seedless - by direct sowing into the ground;
- seedling.
If a seedless option is chosen, then the soil should be prepared in advance on the site. Dig up first, then add humus and sand, level the surface. Make small grooves 2 cm deep and spread out the wisteria seeds. Sprinkle with a thin layer of soil, water thoroughly with a spray bottle. Sowing time is March.
For the second option, sowing seeds should be carried out 2 months before planting seedlings in the ground:
- first prepare the soil and containers;
- pour a drainage layer into the container, then fertile soil;
- make grooves on the surface with a depth of 1.5 - 2 cm;
- decompose germinated seeds;
- sprinkle with earth with a layer of 2 mm.
Place wisteria seeds in a horizontal position to facilitate the germination process.
Cover the container with glass or foil, put in a dark place. After the sprouts appear, transfer the boxes to the light, remove the glass. If the seedlings are stretched out during their growth, they need to be dived.
Plant powerful plants in autumn, the rest in spring.
Cutting wisteria
With this method, all varietal characteristics of wisteria are preserved.
There are two methods for propagating wisteria by cuttings.
Using lignified cuttings
For cutting, you need to use the shoots of the current year. Cut in the fall. The length of the shanks is about 8 cm with 2-3 developed buds. Place the material in a moist substrate, store until spring at a temperature not exceeding + 3 ° C.
After wintering (mid-April) prepare containers for cuttings, fill them with soil. The top layer is moistened sand. Place future seedlings vertically at a distance of 10 cm from each other with a depth of 4 cm. Leave until autumn.
Then transplant into a greenhouse or greenhouse for growing. Young vines can be planted in a permanent place in a year.
Root processes
For this method of propagation of wisteria by cuttings, you will need to dig an adult bush in the spring. The most developed roots are cut half the length, the rest by 1/3. After cutting off some of the roots, you need to dig in the bush again, adding fertile soil. The next spring, repeat the procedure, but now cut off the young overgrown roots. Cutting thickness 5 mm, length 10 cm. Treat the planting material with a fungicide and plant on a prepared bed with fertile soil. The plot should be watered regularly. In autumn, sort the seedlings into 2 categories. The most viable ones are transplanted to a permanent place. The rest should be placed in a greenhouse for growing, followed by planting on the site.
Cutting is a successful way of propagation of wisteria, which does not require special knowledge.
How wisteria reproduces by layering
The easiest and most affordable option is to propagate wisteria by layering. At the same time, all varietal characteristics are preserved. It is necessary to press the one-year shoot to the ground, substitute a container with soil from below. Make a 1/3 cut of the shoot diameter at the point where the bark touches the ground. Fix this place in a container, sprinkle with soil on top. Moisturize regularly. You can separate a new vine next year.
These are the main ways wisteria reproduces at home. There are enough of them to get new viable vines.